What principle does Eddy Current testing operate on?

Eddy Current testing operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This method involves generating eddy currents in a conductive material by using an alternating magnetic field. When a coil carrying an alternating current is brought near the conductive material, it induces circular currents, known as eddy currents, within that material. The presence, size, and behavior of these eddy currents can reveal information about the material's properties, such as its conductivity and structural integrity.

This method is particularly effective for detecting surface and near-surface flaws in metals and provides real-time results without requiring physical contact with the test sample. Its reliance on electromagnetic induction makes it distinct from other testing methods that focus on sound waves or optical scans, as it fundamentally utilizes the interaction between magnetic fields and conductive materials to obtain information about the object being tested.